Bonding of Resin Materials to All-Ceramics: A Review

Problem statement: All-ceramic materials, especially silica-based lithium disilicate and nonsilicate-based Zirconia, have become a topic of interest in the field of dentistry. It is still difficult to achieve a strong and durable resin-ceramic adhesion, especially resin-Zirconia bonding. Approach: The article reviews the current literature published in the past 5 years, focusing on the latest resin bonding techniques (including surface treatment, priming and cementation) for dental all-ceramic materials, especially Zirconia and lithium disilicate ceramics. A search of dental literature from PubMed and MEDLINE databases was conducted and the key words included Zirconia, lithium disilicate and bond. Titles and abstracts of the articles listed from search results were reviewed and evaluated for appropriateness. Results: The literature demonstrates that a variety of surface roughness, priming and cementation methods are available for improving resin-ceramic bonding. Conclusion: Available data suggest that the preferred bonding methods for silica-based ceramics are hydrofluoric acid-etching and subsequent silent treatments. The preferred protocol for Zirconia-resin bonding is the combination of surface roughness such as air-abrasion and treatment with a phosphate-containing Zirconia primer followed by cementation with a non-phosphate-containing resin cement.